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天然气用作汽车代用燃料对于改善石油资源的紧缺以及燃油汽车造成的尾气污染有着重大的意义,较之压缩天然气(CNG),液化天然气(LNG)具有存储压力低、能量存储密度大、一次充灌行驶里程长及低温储液罐较高压钢瓶轻的巨大优势。此外,存储在110 K的低温下的LNG蕴藏着大量的冷能。回收该冷能用于制冷汽车空调,不仅有效利用了能源,而且减少了机械制冷造成的动力消耗和制冷剂泄漏造成的臭氧层破坏。随着LNG的生产和充灌、计量等配套设施的逐步完善,以及低温液体储运技术的发展,液化天然气汽车(LNGV)在我国将有着广阔的发展前景。
The use of natural gas as an alternative fuel to automobiles is of great significance to improve the shortage of oil resources and the exhaust pollution caused by fuel vehicles. Comparing with CNG, LNG has the advantages of low storage pressure, large energy storage density, Long mileage and low temperature storage tank lighter than the huge advantages. In addition, LNG stored at a low temperature of 110 K contains a lot of cold energy. The recovery of this cold energy for refrigeration car air conditioners not only makes efficient use of energy, but also reduces the power consumption caused by mechanical refrigeration and ozone depletion caused by refrigerant leakage. With the gradual improvement of LNG production and filling, metering and other supporting facilities, as well as the development of cryogenic liquid storage technology, LNGV will have broad prospects for development in China.