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目的研究大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血后脑血管痉挛模型的早期脑损伤程度。方法将Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组、枕大池一次注血组及二次注血组。制模后24h灌注取脑,采用HE染色观察基底动脉,TUNEL检测细胞凋亡,免疫组化染色检测Bax和Bcl-2的表达水平。结果枕大池二次注血组的基底动脉横截面积明显小于假手术组(P<0.01)。电镜下海马组织呈现损伤表现。同假手术组比较,注血组大脑皮层及海马组织中凋亡细胞计数明显增加,Bax的表达增强,而Bcl-2的表达下降(P<0.01)。结论枕大池一次注血及二次注血法均可复制蛛网膜下腔出血后脑血管痉挛模型,并造成早期脑损伤。
Objective To investigate the degree of early brain injury in cerebral vasospasm model rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group, occipital large pool one injection group and two injection group. The brains were harvested 24 h after modeling. The basilar artery was observed by HE staining. The apoptosis of the basilar artery was detected by TUNEL. The expression of Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The basilar artery cross-sectional area in the secondary injection group was significantly smaller than that in the sham operation group (P <0.01). The damage of hippocampus was observed under electron microscope. Compared with the sham-operation group, the number of apoptotic cells in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus increased remarkably, the expression of Bax increased and the expression of Bcl-2 decreased (P <0.01). Conclusion Both the primary injection and secondary injection of occipital cistern can replicate the model of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage and cause early brain injury.