儿童风湿性肺炎是内脏风湿热的一种表现。远在1928年Paul即已指出:风湿患者可有一种特异性的支气管肺炎的表现。后来Kauffmann进一步提出:它具有与风湿性心膜炎密切相关的临床特点。Emile总结了大量的临床资料发现,本症不但罕见,且常常是患者的直接致死的原因。本症在我国很少报道,文献中仅见翁氏等报告5例。我院儿科自1963～1980年尸解399例中经病理确诊为风湿性肺炎者3例,本文结合文献对本症的诊断、治疗作一扼要讨论。例1 患儿林××,女性,13岁,于1966年4月22日因间歇性关节痛、肢体浮肿3年第一次住院。体检:T 37.3℃,P 120,R 36,BP 110/80,发育中 Rheumatoid pneumonia in children is a manifestation of visceral rheumatic fever. As far as Paul in 1928 has pointed out: rheumatic patients may have a specific performance of bronchial pneumonia. Later, Kauffmann further proposed: it has clinical features closely related to rheumatic carditis. Emile summarized a large number of clinical data found that the disease is not only rare, and is often the cause of direct lethal patients. This disease is rarely reported in our country, the literature only to see Weng and other reports in 5 cases. Pediatrics in our hospital from 1963 to 1980 399 cases of autopsy confirmed by pathology in rheumatic pneumonia in 3 cases, this article with the literature on the diagnosis of this disease, a brief review of treatment. Example 1 children Lin × ×, female, 13 years old, on April 22, 1966 due to intermittent joint pain, limb edema for the first time in 3 years hospitalization. Physical examination: T 37.3 ° C, P 120, R 36, BP 110/80, developing