以灰铸铁为研究对象,采用现场金相显微镜对其断裂过程进行观察,探讨了灰铸铁的断裂机理及石墨形态对灰铸铁断裂的影响。结果表明:在普通灰铸铁断裂过程中,裂纹首先在片状石墨的相界处产生。随外力增加,裂纹沿石墨的尖角向基体扩展,导致试样发生断裂。 Taking gray cast iron as the research object, the rupture process of the cast iron was observed by on-site metallographic microscope, and the fracture mechanism of gray cast iron and the influence of graphite morphology on the fracture of gray cast iron were discussed. The results show that during the fracture process of ordinary gray cast iron, the crack is firstly produced at the phase boundary of flake graphite. As the external force increases, the crack propagates along the sharp corners of the graphite to the substrate, causing the specimen to fracture.