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哈耶克的自生自发社会秩序理论对社会哲学和历史哲学领域产生了重要影响。基于自身的理论立场,哈耶克在推崇理性和社会发展的自生自发的基础上对马克思主义唯物史观,特别是历史的客观性、规律性等问题提出了质疑,并进一步将社会历史推入到“怀疑论”的怀抱。总的来看,哈耶克对唯物史观的质疑主要聚焦在如何理解人的认识能力和社会历史的客观规律性两个问题上,而这两个问题恰恰是理解唯物史观的核心。深入考察哈耶克对唯物史观的质疑,并在此基础上进一步阐明和澄清唯物史观的核心命题具有重要的理论和现实意义。
Hayek’s spontaneous theory of spontaneous social order had an important influence on social philosophy and historical philosophy. Based on his own theoretical position, Hayek questioned the historical materialism of Marxism, especially the objectivity and regularity of history on the basis of his own self-interest in promoting rationalism and social development, and further pushed social history into Into the “skepticism” embrace. Generally speaking, Hayek’s questioning of the historical materialism mainly focuses on how to understand the cognitive ability of people and the objective regularity of social history, which are precisely the core of understanding historical materialism. Studying Hayek’s questioning on the historical materialism in-depth and on this basis, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to further clarify and clarify the core propositions of the historical materialism.