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比较优势理论一直是国际贸易的理论基础,但它强调以供给和资源禀赋为导向参与国际贸易,并没有考虑市场需求的因素,从而出现了“比较优势退位”和贫困化增长的现象。本文凭借对传统比较优势理论的评述,从需求的视角对李嘉图模型进行了修正,并提出了我国对外贸易政策的主张:建立以国际市场需求为导向,创造市场竞争优势的对外贸易政策。
The theory of comparative advantage has always been the theoretical basis for international trade. However, it emphasizes that participation in international trade should be guided by supply and resource endowments without considering the factors of market demand, resulting in the phenomenon of “comparative advantage abdicating” and impoverished growth. Based on the review of the traditional theory of comparative advantage, this paper amends the Ricardian model from the perspective of demand and puts forward the proposition of China’s foreign trade policy: establishing a foreign trade policy based on the needs of the international market and creating market competitive advantages.