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采用试验与有限元模拟相结合的方法研究了软模冲裁与变形机理。通过体积压缩试验将聚氨酯变形转化成压强形式,避免了有限元模拟中构建本构模型与处理耦合变形的问题。利用ABAQUS软件建立了二维轴对称模型,揭示了板料变形机理,分析了浸入深度与应力三轴度的变化情况以及板料厚度对冲裁力和塌陷程度的影响。设计制造了软模冲裁装置,从冲裁力-行程曲线方面进行了工艺试验验证。研究结果表明,裂纹在凸模刃口附近产生并单方向扩展;聚氨酯硬度增加可减少冲孔后的塌陷程度,但同时会增大冲裁力;随着材料厚度增加,冲裁力与塌陷程度均明显增大。
The combination of test and finite element simulation method was used to study the soft stamping and deformation mechanism. Through the volumetric compression test, the polyurethane is transformed into a pressure form, which avoids the problem of constructing the constitutive model and dealing with the coupling deformation in the finite element simulation. The two-dimensional axisymmetric model was established by ABAQUS software to reveal the deformation mechanism of sheet metal. The influence of immersion depth and stress triaxiality and the influence of sheet thickness on punching force and collapse degree were analyzed. Design and manufacture of soft die blanking device, from the punching force - stroke curve of the process test validation. The results show that the crack is generated in the vicinity of the punch edge and unidirectionally expanded. Increasing the hardness of polyurethane can reduce the degree of collapse after punching, but at the same time it increases the punching force. As the thickness of the material increases, the punching force and degree of collapse All significantly increased.