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近年来,我国在高速铁路领域取得了举世瞩目的成就。从2003年秦沈客运专线通车,到2015年底,中国高速铁路运营里程达到1.9万公里,居世界第一位,时速从250公里到“和谐号”实验组的497.3公里。我国高铁呈迅猛发展趋势,其优势显著:速度快、运量大、能耗小、舒适安全而且对环境污染低,对人们的出行方式选择产生了很大的影响。然而,我国高铁的票价是普通列车的2~3倍,让中低收入者望而却步,选择低价的交通工具,如火车。高票价不仅侵害了广大消费者的利益,同时引起的高空座率也影响了铁路行业自身的盈利能力。本文结合日、法、德三国的定价模式,对我国的高铁票价制度提出几点建议。
In recent years, China has made remarkable achievements in the field of high-speed railway. Since the opening of Qinhuangdao Passenger Dedicated Line in 2003, by the end of 2015, the operating mileage of China’s high-speed railways has reached 19,000 km, ranking the first in the world at a speed of 250 kilometers per hour to 497.3 kilometers per km of experimental group Harmony. China’s rapid development of high-speed rail has the trend of rapid development, its significant advantages: speed, large amount of traffic, energy consumption, comfort and safety and low environmental pollution, people’s travel choices have a great impact. However, our high-speed rail fares are 2 to 3 times that of ordinary trains, leaving low-income earners discouraged and choosing low-cost transport such as trains. High fares not only infringe on the interests of consumers, at the same time the high occupancy rate has also affected the railway industry’s own profitability. Based on the pricing models of Japan, France and Germany, this article puts forward some suggestions on China’s high-speed rail fare system.