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目的通过对采石场存在的职业病危害因素、采用的工程防护措施进行调查分析,提出进行职业病危害控制的建议。方法采用现场调查法、现场检测法、实验室分析法进行定性定量分析。结果采石场存在的主要职业病危害因素为矽尘和噪声,破碎工接触矽尘总尘CTWA为11.75~13.10 mg/m3,呼尘CTWA为2.12~2.28 mg/m3,噪声强度为89.7~90.3 d B(A),均超过国家卫生标准;采取的主要工程措施为密闭作业、湿式作业、自然通风、机械排尘等。结论采石场采取了工程控制措施,有一定的控制作用,但仍然不能达到国家卫生标准,需加强管理措施,实施有效的个体防护措施,才能切实起到保护劳动者健康的效果。
Objective To investigate and analyze the occupational hazards that exist in quarries, and to adopt engineering protective measures, and to put forward suggestions on controlling occupational hazards. Methods The methods of on-site investigation, on-site detection and laboratory analysis were used for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Results The main risk factors for occupational hazards in the quarry were silica dust and noise. The total CTWA of crushing workers with exposure to silica dust was 11.75 ~ 13.10 mg / m3, the exhaled dust CTWA was 2.12 ~ 2.28 mg / m3 and the noise intensity was 89.7 ~ 90.3 d B (A), all exceeding the national health standards; the main engineering measures taken are airtight operation, wet operation, natural ventilation, mechanical dust exhausting and the like. Conclusion The quarry has adopted engineering control measures, which have some control effects, but still can not meet the national health standards. It is necessary to strengthen management measures and implement effective individual protection measures in order to effectively protect workers’ health.