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利用SSR(简单序列重复,simple sequence repeat)分子标记对来自安徽省麻姑山马尾松林的102株球孢白僵菌进行遗传多样性和基因分型研究。依据时间分类亚种群的Nei基因多样性(H)为0.198 7,Shannon信息指数(I)为0.278 9,亚种群间的基因分化系数(Gst)为0.174 5,基因流(Nm)为1.215 0;不同寄主亚种群的H为0.194 5,I为0.287 1,亚种群间的Gst为0.166 4,Nm为1.300 0。研究表明,麻姑山马尾松林球孢白僵菌有一定的遗传多样性,亚种群间遗传变异较小,有18个菌株属于同一基因型,亚种群内表现出较高水平的遗传分化。9对微卫星引物将102株白僵菌分成31个微卫星基因型。在这31种微卫星基因型中,有5种为相对优势基因型。31种基因型株系在不同月份中存在一定的动态变化,并通过侵染不同寄主昆虫,完成在森林生态系中的延续。并且,这些相对优势基因型并不是在各个月份均匀分布,在大部分月份中,存在1～2种优势度高的基因型。研究揭示,SSR分子标记在研究白僵菌的群体遗传结构和基因分型展现出快速和菌株的特异性特征。
Genetic diversity and genotyping of 102 Beauveria bassiana strains from Pinus massoniana forest in Mount Magu in Anhui Province were studied using SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers. The Nei gene diversity (H) was 0.198 7, Shannon information index (I) was 0.278 9, the gene differentiation coefficient (Gst) was 0.174 5, and the gene flow (Nm) was 1.215 0. The H of different host subpopulations was 0.194 5, I was 0.287 1, Gst was 0.166 4 between subpopulations, and Nm was 1.300 0. The results showed that Beauveria bassiana had a certain degree of genetic diversity in Beauveria bassiana. Genetic variation among subpopulations was minor. Eighteen isolates belonged to the same genotype, and showed a high level of genetic differentiation in sub-populations. Ninety pairs of microsatellite primers divided 102 strains of Beauveria bassiana into 31 microsatellite genotypes. Among the 31 microsatellite genotypes, five were relative dominant genotypes. 31 kinds of genotypes had certain dynamic changes in different months, and they carried on the continuation in forest ecosystem by infecting different host insects. Moreover, these comparative advantages genotypes are not evenly distributed in each month, in most months there are 1 or 2 dominant genotypes. The research revealed that the SSR molecular markers showed rapid and strain-specific characteristics in the population genetic structure and genotyping of Beauveria bassiana.