为了确保核设施和核燃料的安全,必须建立一个独立行使职权的安全管理机构。因此,中国成立了国家核安全局。文中介绍了建立国家核安全局的目的、意义、组织结构以及所承担的职责,同时用工作实例,如对秦山核电站的核安全监督管理、大亚湾核电站建造阶段的安全审评和监督、我国核燃料元件厂核材料衡算与管理等,来说明国家核安全局自成立以来对核安全所起到的重要作用。 In order to ensure the safety of nuclear facilities and nuclear fuel, it is necessary to establish an independent safety management authority. Therefore, China established the National Nuclear Security Administration. This paper introduces the purpose, significance, organizational structure and responsibility of establishing NNSA. At the same time, with examples of work such as the nuclear safety supervision and management of Qinshan Nuclear Power Station, the safety review and supervision of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station construction phase, Nuclear material accounting and management, to illustrate the important role of the State Nuclear Safety Administration in nuclear safety since its establishment.