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目的了解中老年男性的艾滋病相关知识、态度和行为的现状,为有针对性地开展中老年男性艾滋病健康教育工作提供参考。方法采用整群抽样及按年龄分层抽样的方法,对河北省阜城县707位城乡中老年男性进行了问卷调查。结果城乡中老年男性对于艾滋病相关知识平均知晓率为60.15%。艾滋病传播途径和预防措施的知晓率较高,分别为81.36%和80.98%;艾滋病非传播途径的知晓率仅为35.93%;对艾滋病错误认识的正确回答率及联合国艾滋病规划署(UNAIDS)确定的5个关键问题的知晓率分别为50.64%和56.89%;均存在明显的城乡、文化程度、年龄和职业差异(P<0.01)。81.3%的人对艾滋病存在恐惧,许多人介意与艾滋病及感染者接触。艾滋病相关知识的主要来源是电视、报刊、广播等媒体。结论农村中老年男性艾滋病相关知识知晓率较城市中老年男性低,且对艾滋病病毒感染者的歧视和排斥态度较严重。仍需要加大对艾滋病相关知识的宣传及普及力度。
Objective To understand the status quo of AIDS-related knowledge, attitude and behavior among middle-aged and elderly men and provide references for carrying out AIDS health education among middle-aged and elderly men. Methods A total of 707 urban and rural middle-aged men in Fucheng County of Hebei Province were surveyed by cluster sampling and age-stratified sampling. Results The average awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge among middle-aged and urban men and women was 60.15%. AIDS awareness and preventive measures were 81.36% and 80.98% respectively; the awareness rate of non-transmission of AIDS was only 35.93%; the correct response rate to AIDS misconceptions and the rate of HIV / AIDS identified by UNAIDS The awareness rates of the five key issues were 50.64% and 56.89% respectively, with significant differences in urban and rural areas, educational level, age and occupational differences (P <0.01). 81.3% of people are afraid of AIDS and many are mindful of their contacts with AIDS and those infected. AIDS-related knowledge is the main source of television, newspapers, radio and other media. Conclusion The awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge of middle-aged and elderly men in rural areas is lower than that of urban middle-aged men and the discrimination and exclusion of HIV-infected persons are more serious. Still need to step up publicity and popularization of AIDS-related knowledge.