美国贸易代表办公室每年4月向国会提交一份按国别的“国家贸易估计报告”,内容包括34个国家和2个地区贸易集团的货物贸易、服务、投资以及知识产权保护。“超级301条款”是以“国家贸易估计报告”为基础而认定的。1989年5月25日美国贸易代表卡拉·希尔斯根据“超级301条款”,认定日本、巴西、印度为不公平贸易的“重点国家”;其理由是:(1)日本禁止进口外国的卫星和大型计算机,在林产品贸易方面对进口设置障碍;(2)巴西实施进口数量限制,包括禁止进 The U.S. Trade Representative’s Office submits a “Country Trade Estimate Report” to the National Congress in April each year, which covers the trade in goods, services, investment, and intellectual property protection of 34 countries and two regional trading groups. “Super 301 clause” is based on the “National Trade Estimate Report”. On May 25, 1989, U.S. Trade Representative Carla Shiers identified Japan, Brazil, and India as “key countries” for unfair trade, based on the “super 301 clause.” The reasons are: (1) Japan bans the import of foreign satellites. And large-scale computers, setting barriers to imports in the trade of forest products; (2) Brazilian import restrictions, including prohibition of imports