论文部分内容阅读
近年来,国外已先后制订了几个用于锅炉及压力容器的“合乎使用标准”,如美国ASME的“锅炉与压力容器规范”第Ⅲ篇附录G和第Ⅺ篇附录A。此外还有国际焊接学会、英国标准协会、日本焊接协会等等也都制订了类似的标准。这些标准基本上均以线弹性断裂力学或弹塑性断裂力学(裂纹尖端张开位移COD法)为基础。对使用中发现的缺陷进行安全评定,是当前国际上比较公认的应用范围较广泛的方法。本文在这些标准的基础上,汇总了压力容器缺陷评定的一般程序,内容包括评定总则、按脆断对已知缺陷的评定程序、疲劳评定等。
In recent years, several “compliant standards” have been established abroad for boilers and pressure vessels, such as Annex III, Part III and Annex X of Part XI of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. In addition there are also International Institute of Welding, British Standards Institute, Japan Welding Association, etc. have also developed a similar standard. These standards are basically based on linear elastic fracture mechanics or elasto-plastic fracture mechanics (crack tip open displacement COD method). The safety assessment of the defects found in use is a more widely accepted method in the current international field. Based on these standards, this paper summarizes the general procedures for the assessment of pressure vessel defects, including the general rules of assessment, the procedures for assessing the known defects by brittle fracture, and the fatigue assessment.