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背景:健康意识和行为生活方式以及健康知识的知晓率与人民的健康水平、文化水平密切相关。目的:了解健康教育对农村居民健康知识、态度、行为(knowledge,atti-tude,behavior,KAB)的影响。设计:前瞻性的定群调查研究。地点、对象和方法:2000年对山东省泰安市6个县的559名农民采用分层随机抽样的方法进行KAB调查,其中男326名,女233名。由两名经过培训的调查员,采用统一调查表完成本次调查。主要观察指标:泰安市农村居民健康知识知晓率和卫生习惯形成率与受教育程度及经济发展水平的关系。结果:最基本的健康知识(如吸烟与酗酒对人体有害)知晓率较高,在97%以上。每天刷牙为97.5%,吐痰至痰盂中为59%,家中毛巾不混用人均一条为86.8%,饮用自来水的为44%,使用卫生厕所的为53.3%。结论:健康知识知晓率和卫生习惯形成率,均随着受教育程度及经济发展水平的升高而依此升高。
Background: The awareness of health awareness, behavior and lifestyle as well as health knowledge are closely related to people’s health and cultural level. Objective: To understand the impact of health education on rural residents’ health knowledge, attitude, behavior (knowledge, atti-tude, behavior, KAB). Design: Prospective group study. Location, Subjects and Methods: In 2000, 559 peasants from 6 counties in Tai’an City of Shandong Province were surveyed by stratified random sampling method, including 326 males and 233 females. Two trained investigators completed the survey using a unified questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The relationship between the rate of awareness of health knowledge, the rate of hygiene habit formation, educational attainment and economic development level among rural residents in Tai’an City. Results: The most basic health knowledge (such as smoking and alcohol abuse harmful to the human body) higher awareness, more than 97%. Brushing daily was 97.5%, spit to spittoon was 59%, home towels are not mixed with a per capita of 86.8%, drinking tap water was 44%, the use of sanitary lavatories was 53.3%. Conclusion: The awareness rate of health knowledge and the rate of hygiene habit formation all increase with the increase of education level and economic development level.