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清末民初,转型时期的中国社会剧烈动荡,众多社会现象频繁出现。其中,官员投资工商业而列身“商贾”的亦官亦商现象较为突出与典型,给当时落后的中国经济获得了一次难得的发展机会。导致这一现象产生的原因纷繁复杂,主要有:列强对华经济侵略的加剧;政府振兴商务的政策导向;实业救国思潮的兴起;国人对“商”观念的变化等。研究它、分析它对当前转型时期的中国经济的发展具有重要的现实意义。
In the late Qing Dynasty and early the Republic of China, the Chinese society in the transitional period was in turmoil and many social phenomena appeared frequently. Among them, the official and commercial quotient of officials who invested in commerce and industry and became “merchants” was more prominent and typical, giving the economically backward Chinese economy a rare opportunity for development. The reasons leading to this phenomenon are numerous and complicated. The main reasons are: the aggravating economic aggression of the powers with China; the policy orientation of the government in rejuvenating commerce; the rise of the ideological trend of saving the country by industry; and the changes in people’s views on “business”. To study it and analyze it is of great practical significance to the development of China’s economy in the current transitional period.