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乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)本身虽不直接引起肝脏损伤,但由它引起的异常免疫反应却可导致各型肝炎。乙肝抗原与相应抗体形成的免疫复合物不但可致肝脏损伤,而且可致多种肝外器官、组织损伤。既使是无症状HBsAg携带者,也有半数具有慢性持续性肝炎(慢持肝)也或慢性活动性肝炎(慢活肝)的组织学特征。有人估计当前世界上有1.5到2亿的HBV携带者,其中一部分可能转变为慢性肝病或原发性肝细胞癌。多方面的研究已表明HBV
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) itself does not directly cause liver damage, but the abnormal immune response caused by it can lead to various types of hepatitis. Hepatitis B antigen and immune complexes formed by the corresponding antibodies can not only cause liver damage, but also cause a variety of extrahepatic organs and tissue damage. Even with asymptomatic HBsAg carriers, half have histologic features of either chronic persistent hepatitis (slow-lived liver) or chronic active hepatitis (slow-living liver). Some estimate that there are between 150 and 200 million HBV carriers in the world, some of which may turn into chronic liver disease or primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Various studies have shown that HBV