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比较优势理论的含义是,一个经济主体在生产一种产品或服务时,他(它)即使不是绝对占优,仍然可以相对领先(即拥有比较优势)。这就是说,在资源稀缺而又用途多样的世界中,个人、企业或经济主体都具有在特定领域发挥积极作用的潜力。如果他(它)们都按照比较优势的逻辑发挥潜力,整个世界就实现了人尽其才、物尽其用,既减少了资源浪费,又增进了总体福利水平,经济社会发展就达到了帕累托意义上的效率改进。
The theory of comparative advantage means that when an economic entity produces a product or service, it can still take a relative lead (that is, has a comparative advantage) even if it is not absolutely dominant. This means that in a world of scarce resources and diverse uses, individuals, businesses or economic agents have the potential to play an active role in a particular area. If all of them fulfill their potential based on the logic of comparative advantage, the entire world will realize its full potential and make the best use of its resources. This will not only reduce resource wastage but also increase overall welfare and achieve Pareto economic and social development On the efficiency improvement.