概述氢温度介质环境下材料物理力学行为及其研究的特殊性 ,介绍了美国和前苏联在研制大型运载火箭等航天器过程中 ,对液氢及氢介质条件下使用的结构材料的物理力学性能研究的情况 ,强调了开展氢介质力学性能研究的必要性和重要性。对我国大型运载火箭材料低温性能的需求作了分析和预测。 In this paper, the physical and mechanical behaviors of materials and the particularity of their research under hydrogen medium were summarized. The physical and mechanical properties of the structural materials used in liquid hydrogen and hydrogen mediums were introduced in the process of developing spacecraft such as large launch vehicle. The research situation emphasizes the necessity and importance of carrying out the research on the mechanical properties of hydrogen medium. The demand for low temperature performance of large launch vehicle materials in China is analyzed and predicted.