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目的分析维生素B1(硫胺素)和维生素B2(核黄素)营养状况与机体抗氧化水平及血糖、血脂水平的关系。方法选取上海市某社区6个居委会中老年人314人作为调查对象,平均年龄(65.4±10.2)岁,其中男性106人,女性208人。采用连续三日24小时膳食回顾法计算被调查对象每日营养素摄入量,机体硫胺素、核黄素营养水平采用尿负荷试验测定,同时测定血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)、空腹血糖(FBG)、总胆固醇(TC)和甘油三酯(TG)水平。结果膳食硫胺素平均摄入量为(0.82±0.36)mg/d,其中达到或超过RNI的比例为11.8%,低于60%RNI的比例为51.3%;核黄素平均摄入量为(0.91±0.48)mg/d,膳食核黄素摄入量达到或超过RNI的比例为17.2%,低于60%RNI的比例为49.4%。尿负荷试验显示:机体硫胺素缺乏的比例为65.0%,核黄素缺乏的比例为58.6%。与正常组相比,硫胺素、核黄素不足和缺乏组的MDA、FBG、TC和TG水平呈升高趋势,SOD活性呈下降趋势。其中硫胺素缺乏组的MDA、FBG和TC与正常组差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。FBG、TC与尿硫胺素水平呈弱负相关(r分别为-0.246、-0.154,P<0.05),MDA、TG与尿核黄素水平呈弱负相关(r分别为-0.136、-0.297,P<0.05)。结论上海部分地区中老年人硫胺素、核黄素营养水平较低,硫胺素、核黄素营养水平与机体抗氧化水平呈弱正相关关系,与血糖、血脂水平呈弱负相关关系。
Objective To analyze the relationship between the nutritional status of vitamin B1 (thiamine) and vitamin B2 (riboflavin), the level of antioxidation and the level of blood glucose and blood lipid. Methods A total of 314 old and middle aged people in 6 neighborhood committees in a community in Shanghai were surveyed. The average age was (65.4 ± 10.2) years old, including 106 males and 208 females. The dietary intakes of thiamine and riboflavin were measured by 24-hour dietary review for three days on a daily basis. The levels of thiamine and riboflavin were measured by urine load test and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) Dialdehyde (MDA), fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels. Results The average intake of dietary thiamine was (0.82 ± 0.36) mg / d, the rate of reaching or exceeding RNI was 11.8% and the rate of less than 60% RNI was 51.3%. The average intake of riboflavin was ( 0.91 ± 0.48) mg / d. The ratio of dietary riboflavin intake reaching or exceeding RNI was 17.2% and the proportion of less than 60% RNI was 49.4%. Urine load test showed that: the proportion of body thiamine deficiency was 65.0%, the ratio of riboflavin deficiency was 58.6%. Compared with the normal group, the levels of MDA, FBG, TC and TG in the deficient and deficient groups of riboflavin and riboflavin showed an increasing trend and the activity of SOD showed a decreasing trend. The difference of MDA, FBG and TC between the thiamine group and the normal group was statistically significant (P <0.05). FBG and TC showed a weak negative correlation with urinary thiamine levels (r = -0.246, -0.154, P <0.05, respectively). MDA and TG had a weak negative correlation with urinary riboflavin levels (r = -0.136 and -0.297 , P <0.05). Conclusion The nutrition level of thiamine and riboflavin in middle-aged and elderly people in some areas of Shanghai is relatively low. There is a weak positive correlation between the nutrition level of thiamine and riboflavin and the anti-oxidation level of body, and there is a weak negative correlation between the levels of thiamine and riboflavin.