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一引言船只在浅海区域航行的最大风险,是船底被尖锐的礁石刺破,船身要不是入水下沉而葬身鱼腹,就是搁浅在石上而动弹不得。这种问题在木制帆船时代尤为突出,故此中国人发明了隔水仓的船只设计,来减低“覆舟失货”的机会,期望触礁船只不会一下子全舱人水,最多只是搁在石上,仍可修补船身而继续航程。除了在船体设计上作最坏的打算外,在声纳技术尚未问世之前,船只在近岸航海时也可参照详尽的海图,主动避开较明显且危险的礁石地区。宋代至明初海洋活动频繁,而明朝(1368-1644)政府更因宦官郑和(1371-1433)下
I. INTRODUCTION The biggest risk of a vessel sailing in the shallow sea area is that the bottom of the ship is pierced by sharp reefs. If the hull is not sinked into the water and buried in a fish abdomen, it is stranded on the rocks and unable to move. This problem is particularly prominent in the era of wooden sailboats, so the Chinese invented a watertight vessel design to reduce the chance of “overwhelming the pontoon” Rest on the rock, can still repair the hull and continue the voyage. In addition to making the worst possible design of the hull design, before sonar technology has yet to come out, ships can also navigate detailed sea chartings to take the initiative to avoid the more visible and dangerous reef areas. The Song Dynasty to the beginning of the Ming Dynasty marine activities frequently, and the Ming government (1368-1644) even more because of eunuch Zheng He (1371-1433)