国有企业的改革深化已经面临严峻的考验，其突出表现在改革的外围工作逐步完成，但尖锐的矛盾和关键的问题却越来越引起各界人士在内的关注。这些问题始终决定着改革的内核，影响着改革的进程。这些问题主要包括：１、公有制与股份制兼容；２、改革的制度环境与主体利益分歧； The deepening of the reform of state-owned enterprises has already faced a severe test. Its outstanding performance is gradually completed in the peripheral work of the reform, but sharp contradictions and key issues have increasingly attracted the attention of people from all walks of life. These problems always determine the core of the reform and affect the process of reform. These issues mainly include: 1. Compatibility between public ownership and share-holding system; 2. Differences between the institutional environment and main interests of the reform;