为减少植烟地水土养分流失和实现烟叶产质量最大化,试验研究常规耕作、免耕、免耕+稻草覆盖3种耕作方式对深丘山地烤烟土壤水土流失、养分流失和烟叶产质量的影响。结果表明:与常规耕作比较,免耕和免耕+稻草覆盖均能减少水土流失,径流量分别减少9.54%,26.01%;不同耕作方式养分流失量不同,全氮和全磷流失特征表现为常规耕作>免耕>免耕+稻草覆盖;与常规耕作比较,免耕和免耕+稻草覆盖的全氮流失量分别减少13.68%、39.59%,全磷流失量分别减少9.72%、27.57%。免耕栽培能提高烟叶产量、产值和化学成分协调性,并以免耕+稻草覆盖效益最好,增加收益5822.85元/hm2。研究表明,免耕、免耕+稻草覆盖对减少地表径流作用明显,是遏制土壤养分流失的有效途径;免耕+稻草覆盖增产增值明显,具有推广应用价值。 In order to reduce soil nutrient loss in tobacco growing areas and maximize the yield and quality of tobacco leaves, the effects of conventional tillage, no-tillage and no-tillage + straw mulching on soil erosion, nutrient loss and tobacco leaf yield and quality were studied . The results showed that both no-tillage and no-tillage + straw mulching could reduce soil erosion by 9.54% and 26.01% respectively compared with conventional tillage. Different types of tillage had different types of nutrient loss, and total nitrogen and total phosphorus loss were characterized by conventional Compared with conventional tillage, total nitrogen loss decreased by 13.68% and 39.59% respectively, and total phosphorus loss decreased by 9.72% and 27.57% respectively compared with conventional tillage. Tillage cultivation can improve the yield, output value and chemical composition coordination of tobacco leaves, and the best benefit is no-tillage + straw covering, with an increase of 5822.85 yuan / hm2. The results showed that no-tillage and no-tillage + straw coverage had an obvious effect on reducing surface runoff, which was an effective way to restrain soil nutrient loss. No-tillage + straw coverage increased production and added value obviously, which had the value of popularization and application.