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目的分析河北省农村≤5岁儿童生长发育影响因素,为促进农村儿童健康成长提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法调查河北省农村地区≤5岁儿童身高及其相关信息,通过Z值法计算儿童年龄别身高得分(HAZ)评估其身高生长发育;以身高生长发育迟缓者为病例组,正常者为对照组,分析农村地区小龄儿童身高发育影响因素。结果河北省农村地区≤5岁儿童生长发育迟缓构成比为34.54%。多因素Logistic回归分析发现男孩(OR=4.00,P=0.000)、留守父亲/母亲照顾(OR=2.86,P=0.000)、祖父母及其他人员(OR=1.43,P=0.046)、父亲外出务工(OR=2.68,P=0.005)是留守儿童身高生长发育的危险因素;农村家庭年人均纯收入(OR=0.13,P=0.000)是儿童身高正常增长的保护因素。结论应针对农村地区≤5岁儿童生长发育迟缓影响因素,采取干预措施,促进该人群健康成长。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors on the growth and development of children less than 5 years old in rural areas of Hebei Province and provide the basis for promoting the healthy growth of rural children. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the height and related information of children ≤5 years old in rural areas of Hebei Province. The Z-value method was used to evaluate the height and growth of children by age-specific height score (HAZ). The height growth retardation For the case group, the normal control group, analysis of the influencing factors on the height development of young children in rural areas. Results The proportion of stunting and growth retardation in children ≤5 years old in rural areas of Hebei Province was 34.54%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the number of children who were left behind by their father or mother (OR = 2.86, P = 0.000), grandparents and others (OR = 1.43, P = 0.046) OR = 2.68, P = 0.005) were the risk factors for the height growth of left-behind children. The annual per-capita net income of rural households (OR = 0.13, P = 0.000) was the protective factor for the normal growth of children. Conclusions The factors affecting the growth retardation of children ≤5 years old in rural areas should be taken and intervention measures should be taken to promote the healthy growth of the population.