语言、文化差异体现了各民族的语言表达习惯、思维方式、文化心态和生活禁忌。交际双方对这些因素缺乏必要的了解，交际活动中就可能出现一些语用失误，收不到预期的交际效果。本文就人们在同英、美等国人的交际中及翻译中可能出现的语用失误加以说明，以期英语初学者避免之。 Language and cultural differences reflect the language expression habits, ways of thinking, cultural mentality and life taboos of all ethnic groups. Both parties in communication lack the necessary understanding of these factors, some pragmatic failures may occur in communicative activities, and the expected communicative effects can not be received. This article explains the possible pragmatic failures that people may encounter when communicating with English, American and other Chinese and translating them, so as to avoid English beginners.