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[目的]对大学生每日经由塑料瓶装饮料摄入邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸(-2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)的暴露量进行风险评估。[方法]通过方便抽样的方法对196名大学生进行塑料瓶装饮料摄入情况在线问卷调查,结合114种市售塑料瓶装饮料中DBP及DEHP的检测数据,计算调查人群经塑料瓶装饮料摄入DBP和DEHP的慢性每日摄入值和安全限值分布,运用蒙特卡洛概率模型拟合大学生群体DBP和DEHP每日暴露情况并进行相应的敏感度分析。[结果]受访大学生不同种类饮料摄入量不同,但男、女生的塑料瓶装饮用水摄入量均居首位。DBP和DEHP含量亦因饮料种类而各异,其中咖啡类、乳类及果汁类相对较高。大学生经塑料瓶装饮料DBP和DEHP的暴露值均低于其每日允许摄入量,安全限值均小于1。蒙特卡洛概率模型显示99.90%的大学生经塑料瓶装饮料摄入DBP的暴露量是安全的,仅0.10%存在潜在生殖发育毒性风险,男、女生的生殖发育毒性风险分别为0.02%和0.09%;大学生经塑料瓶装饮料摄入DEHP的暴露量尚不存在健康风险。[结论]大学生经塑料瓶装饮料DBP的摄入水平可能存在一定的潜在生殖发育毒性风险,DEHP的摄入水平则处于安全范围。
[Objective] To assess the daily exposure of college students to exposure to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and 2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) through plastic bottled beverages. [Methods] An online questionnaire was conducted on 196 college students by means of convenient sampling method. According to the data of DBP and DEHP in 114 kinds of commercially available plastic bottled drinks, the DBP and DEHP chronic daily intake and safety limits of distribution, the use of Monte Carlo probability model to fit college students DBP and DEHP daily exposure and the corresponding sensitivity analysis. [Results] Different types of college students drink different intake of beverages, but male and female students in plastic bottled drinking water intake ranked first. DBP and DEHP content also vary with the type of beverage, including coffee, dairy and fruit juice is relatively high. Students through the plastic bottled drinks DBP and DEHP exposure values are lower than their daily allowable intake, safety limits are less than 1. Monte Carlo probability model shows that 99.90% of university students exposed to DBP through plastic bottled beverages are safe, only 0.10% are at risk of potential reproductive and developmental toxicity, and reproductive and developmental toxicities of male and female are 0.02% and 0.09%, respectively. There is no health risk for college students to consume DEHP through plastic bottled beverages. [Conclusion] There is a potential risk of reproductive and developmental toxicity of DBP to university students through the intake of plastic bottled beverages, while the intake of DEHP is in the safe range.