《小雅·宾之初筵》是《诗经》中极具特色的一篇,有关其主旨,历代学者给出了三种不同的解释。笔者认为,其不是一首悔过诗,更不可能是一首歌颂诗,其应当是一首讽刺统治者饮酒无度、失仪败德的诗。为避免殷商亡国的历史重演,周人采取将饮酒行为纳入礼制范围内的措施,以期通过礼法和道德的约束,起到规避酒祸的效用。酒礼与酒德应运而生,由此还产生出专门的监史制度,从而共同保证饮酒活动的合理有序,更好地发挥饮酒活动的社会功能,体现出周代礼乐文明的显著特性。 “Xiao Ya Bin’s first feast” is “The Book of Songs,” a very unique one, its main thrust, the ancient scholars give three different explanations. The author believes that it is not a poem of repentance, but more unlikely to be a hymn of poetry, which should be an ironic poet ruled by drunken rulers. In order to avoid the historical reenactment of the Shang and the nation, Zhou people took the measure of incorporating drinking into the scope of the courtesy, with a view to circumvent the effect of wine disaster through the restriction of the etiquette and morality. As a result, the courtesy and the ethics of virtue came into being, resulting in a special system of supervision of the historians, so as to jointly guarantee the rational and orderly drinking activities, give better play to the social functions of drinking activities and embody the remarkable characteristics of the ritual and civilizations of the Zhou Dynasty.