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目的了解延吉市朝鲜族和汉族老年人的膳食及营养状况。方法随机选择200名60岁以上的朝鲜族和汉族老年人,测量血压,用24小时回忆法进行膳食调查。结果(1)男性每人每日热能摄入量超过推荐摄入量(RNI),女性则基本达到RNI标准;男性早餐热能比明显比女性低,而晚餐热能比明显比女性高,男性高血压者晚餐热能比明显高于血压正常者。(2)朝鲜族的脂肪热能比明显低于汉族(P<001),且未达到适宜摄入量范围;朝鲜族的碳水化合物热能比明显高于汉族(P<001)。(3)朝鲜族男性平均蛋白质摄入量超过RNI标准,汉族男性略低于RNI标准,且朝鲜族男性平均蛋白质摄入量显著高于汉族男性(P<001);两个民族的老年人摄入优质蛋白质的比率为35%～45%,其中大豆蛋白超过15%。(4)两个民族的老年人钙和维生素A的摄入量仅达到RNI标准的一半,锌、硒、核黄素的摄入量均低于RNI标准。结论朝鲜族和汉族老年人对某些营养素的摄取量不相等,老年人钙、维生素A、维生素B2的摄入量严重不足,晚餐热能摄入量偏高与男性高血压患病有关。
Objective To understand the diet and nutritional status of Korean and Han Chinese in Yanji. Methods 200 Korean and Han elderly over 60 years old were randomly selected to measure blood pressure and dietary survey by 24-hour recall method. Results (1) The daily intake of calories per person per day exceeded the recommended intake (RNI), while that of women reached the level of RNI. The rate of caloric for men was significantly lower than that for females, while the rate of heat for dinner was significantly higher than that for females Dinner heat than significantly higher than normal blood pressure. (2) The Korean people had significantly lower fat-to-heat energy ratio than Han (P <001), and did not reach the appropriate intake range; Korean people had significantly higher carbohydrate energy ratio than Han people (P <001). (3) The average protein intake of Korean men exceeded the RNI standard, while that of Han men was slightly lower than that of RNI, and the average protein intake of Korean men was significantly higher than that of Han men (P <001). Into high quality protein ratio of 35% to 45%, of which more than 15% of soy protein. (4) The intake of calcium and vitamin A in the elderly of the two ethnic groups only reached half of the RNI standard, and the intake of zinc, selenium and riboflavin were both lower than the RNI standard. Conclusion The intake of certain nutrients in Korean and Han nationality elderly is not equal. The intake of calcium, vitamin A and vitamin B2 in the elderly is seriously insufficient. The high caloric intake of dinner is related to the prevalence of hypertension in men.