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目的:掌握婴幼儿轮状病毒感染性腹泻流行特征及轮状病毒疫苗免疫状况,为制定防控对策提供依据。方法:以常山县人民医院报告的婴幼儿(0~3岁儿童)其他感染性腹泻的病例为研究对象,所有病例采用酶联免疫吸附试验法进行轮状病毒抗原检测,分析轮状病毒检出率、描述轮状病毒感染性腹泻病流行特征。并探讨免疫接种与轮状病毒感染性腹泻发病关联。结果:婴幼儿轮状病毒感染性腹泻发病率1.19%,婴幼儿其他感染性腹泻病人中轮状病毒检出率34.01%,11月至次年4月为轮状病毒检出率高峰时段;1~岁年龄组检出率最高。婴幼儿感染性腹泻病例轮状病毒疫苗接种率为38.54%,免疫接种一剂次者占98.69%。研究对象轮状病毒疫苗接种与轮状病毒感染性腹泻发病存在统计学关联(χ2=14.76,P<0.001);6~12月龄阶段接种轮状疫苗与发病的关联也有统计学意义(χ2=10.75,P<0.001)。结论:常山县轮状病毒感染性腹泻病具有明显季节性和人群特征,与温州王金文、丽水丁友法等研究结果一致。婴幼儿轮状病毒疫苗接种对婴幼儿轮状病毒感染性腹泻有较好保护作用,婴幼儿在6~12月龄阶段接种轮状病毒疫苗保护效果最佳。
Objective: To grasp the epidemic characteristics of rotavirus infectious diarrhea in infants and young children and the immune status of rotavirus vaccine, so as to provide basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods: The cases of other infectious diarrhea in infants and young children (0-3 years old children) reported by Changshan People’s Hospital were investigated. All cases were tested for rotavirus antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and rotavirus Rate, describing the epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus-infected diarrhea. And to explore the immunization associated with rotavirus infectious diarrhea. Results: The incidence of rotavirus infectious diarrhea in infants and young children was 1.19%. The detection rate of rotavirus in infants and young children with other infectious diarrhea was 34.01%, and the detection rate of rotavirus from November to April was the peak period. ~ The highest detection rate of age group. Infectious diarrhea in infants and young children cases of rotavirus vaccination rate was 38.54%, immunization a dose of 98.69%. The incidence of rotavirus vaccination and rotavirus infectious diarrhea were statistically significant (χ2 = 14.76, P <0.001). There was also a significant correlation between the incidence of rotavirus vaccination and 6 ~ 12 months of age (χ2 = 10.75, P <0.001). Conclusion: Changshan County rotavirus infectious diarrhea has obvious seasonal and population characteristics, which are consistent with the research results of Wenzhou Wang Jinwen and Lishui Ding Youfa. Rotavirus vaccination of infants and young children with rotavirus infectious diarrhea better protection, infants and young children at 6 to 12 months of age vaccinated rotavirus vaccine best protective effect.