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本文论证了如下观点:第一,存在是个体的一个真正的谓词。尽管说每一样东西存在可能是不足道的,但很多东西只具有偶然的存在。第二,虚构实质上是一种假装,虚构名称不具有普通名称的功能,它们只是在假装进行指称,关于虚构对象的陈述也只是假装表达了命题,而不是真的表达命题。第三,“虚构的”一词可以叠置,虚构实体是由于人们的活动才得以存在的一种特定类型的抽象实体,它们的存在取决于虚构作品是否被创造出来,因而虚构实体的存在是一个诉诸经验便可解决的问题,在日常语言中,我们完全可以对虚构实体进行量化并建立同一性。
This article demonstrates the following points: First, existence is a true predicate of an individual. Although it may be insignificant to say that everything is present, many things only happen by chance. Second, fiction is essentially a form of pretending that fictitious names do not have a common name. They merely pretend to make allegations, statements about fictitious objects merely pretend to convey propositions, not real propositions. Third, the term “fictional” can be superimposed. A fictitious entity is a particular type of abstract entity that exists only because of people’s activities. Their existence depends on whether or not the fictional artwork has been created. Therefore, the fictional entity Existence is a problem that can be solved by resorting to experience. In everyday language, we can quantify and establish the identity of fictional entities.