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某钢厂生产的百米重轨(60kg/m)在矫直过程发生断裂。采用金相显微镜和扫描电镜等对断口及正常部位取样进行观察和分析。结果表明:钢轨在矫直的前工序生产过程中受到机械损伤,造成表层形成硬化层及微裂纹,微裂纹在矫直力作用下扩展引起开裂。
A hundred meters produced by a steel rail (60kg / m) in the straightening process fracture. Using the metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscopy, the fracture and the normal part of the sample were observed and analyzed. The results show that the rail is damaged mechanically during the pre-straightening process, resulting in the formation of hardened layer and microcracks in the surface layer. The microcracks expand under the action of straightening force to cause cracking.