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目的：分析急性下呼吸道合胞病毒感染患儿的外周血淋巴细胞亚群的变化，为临床免疫调节治疗提供依据。方法对小于6个月急性下呼吸道感染住院患儿行痰病原学检测，明确为呼吸道合胞病毒为感染组。选择门诊体检儿童为对照组。同时两组病例抽外周血采用流式细胞仪检测淋巴细胞亚群值。结果感染组CD3+、CD3+CD8+低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；CD3-CD19+、CD19+CD23+、CD4+/CD8+、CD3+CD25+高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。感染组与对照组CD3+CD4+、CD16+CD56+差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论急性下呼吸道合胞病毒感染患儿的细胞免疫功能紊乱：T淋巴细胞受到全面抑制，B淋巴细胞激活参与病毒的清除，NK细胞比例变化不显著。“,”Objective To analyze the changes of lymphocyte subsets in children with acute respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection. Methods Multi-pathogen detection using direct fluorescence antibody test(DFA), clear etiology diagnosis. Lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood in part of patients(<6 months) were examined by flow cytometry. Results The amount of CD3+ and CD3+CD8+T lymphocyte of RSV patients in the eruption stage was signiifcantly lower than those in healthy controls(P<0.05). The amount of CD3-CD19+, CD19+CD23+, CD4+/CD8+and CD3+CD25+T lymphocyte of RSV patients in eruption stage was significantly larger than that of healthy controls(P0.05). Conclusion Cellular immunity function is in disorder in children with acute respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection. T lymphocytes are extensively depressed early in the course;B lymphocytes are involved in the virus clearance;NK cells have no signiifcant change with those critical cases.