“尊重学生的理性思考,特别是在涉及个人体验与判断的问题上,引导学生通过自己的思考得出结论,把握‘导而弗牵,强而弗抑,开而弗达’,不把既定结论强加于学生。”在这里一个重要的理念就是尊重学生的主体地位。也就是在分清基本的是非标准的基础上,尊重学生的个人体验,允许学生有不同的选择。但是,在传统的课堂教学中,学生几乎没有什么选择,道德认知、道德观念、道德判断、道德选择往往都是教师强加给学生的,学生没有作为一个道德的主体得到尊重。“外在强制的道德判断、 ”Respect students ’rational thinking, especially on the issues related to personal experience and judgment, guide students to draw conclusions through their own thinking, grasp the guide and encourage, strengthen and suppress, open and up’, not The established conclusion imposes on the student. “An important idea here is to respect the student’s dominant position. That is, on the basis of distinguishing the basic non-standard, respect for the personal experience of students, allowing students to have different choices. However, in traditional classroom teaching, students have few choices. Moral cognition, moral concepts, moral judgments and moral choices are often imposed on the students by teachers. Students are not respected as moral subjects. ”External mandatory moral judgment,