迈克尔.尼尔森(Michael Nielsen)提出,依据“共享行为”这一准则,一个在线社群只要超过一定临界规模,就可以形成集体智慧并显著提高解决问题的能力。我打高尔夫的一个重要原因,就是某些时候我也能打出比职业选手还漂亮的一杆。当然,职业高尔夫球手能一直保持高水平的发挥。但非专业人士偶尔的超常发挥提出了一个问题:如果将每个业余爱好者最好的表现集合起来,是否能打败一支专业队伍? According to Michael Nielsen, based on the principle of “shared behavior,” an online community that exceeds a certain critical mass can form a collective intelligence and significantly improve its ability to solve problems. One of the important reasons why I play golf is that at some point I can play a shot that is still a lot better than a pro. Of course, professional golfers can always maintain a high level of play. Occasional extraordinary play by non-professionals raises the question of whether a professional team can be defeated if the best performance of each hobbyist is combined.