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以粗厚山羊草(Aegilops crassa)细胞质小麦为材料,采用组织培养、水培、模拟盐池等方法,研究细胞质对小麦耐盐性的遗传效应。结果表明:粗厚山羊草细胞质可以不同程度地诱发小麦耐盐性产生变异。不同核质组合细胞质效应有一定差异,表现出特定的核质互作关系。部分异质系细胞水平与植株水平的耐盐性表现一致,特别是(Ae.crassa)一鉴26的愈伤组织和幼苗的耐盐性表现均最突出。返青期和成熟期的鉴定结果证明异源细胞质小麦的耐盐性不但超过核亲本,而且超过耐盐性强的对照品种。耐盐性强的系在异源细胞质系中所占的比例远远超过在常规品种中耐盐性品种所占的比例。进一步研究异源细胞质效应,探索小麦抗(耐)盐育种新方法是很有意义的。
Aegilops crassa cytoplasmic wheat was used as material to study the genetic effect of cytoplasm on salt tolerance of wheat using tissue culture, hydroponics and simulated salt ponds. The results showed that the cytoplasm of Aegilops tauschii could induce the variation of salt tolerance in wheat to some extent. There were some differences in the cytoplasmic effects of different nuclear combinations, showing specific nuclear-cell interactions. Some of the heterogeneous cell lines were consistent with the salt tolerance at the plant level. In particular, the salt tolerance of callus and seedlings of Ae.crassa strain 26 was the most prominent. The identification results of returning green stage and mature stage proved that the salt tolerance of heterologous cytoplasm not only surpassed that of nuclear parents, but also surpassed that of salt-tolerant ones. Salt-tolerant lines in heterologous cytoplasm accounted for much more than the proportion of conventional varieties of salt-tolerant species share. Further study of heterologous cytoplasmic effects and explore new methods of wheat resistance to salt breeding is of great significance.