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目的研究超声瞬时波强技术对飞行员动脉粥样硬化的早期检测及其影响因素。方法应用超声瞬时波强技术检测飞行员颈总动脉,其中正常组37例,早期动脉粥样硬化组44例,动脉粥样硬化组52例,将瞬时波强指标与血管回声跟踪(ET)指标及常规超声指标进行组间比较及相关分析。结果早期动脉粥样硬化及动脉粥样硬化组颈总动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)、瞬时加速度波强(W1)及超声瞬时波强(WI)、脉搏波传导速度(PWV_WI)均较正常组高(P<0.05);早期动脉粥样硬化组与正常组间血管回声跟踪指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。W1与左心室射血分数(LVEF)呈正相关,瞬时减速度波强(W2)与二尖瓣前向血流频谱E峰与A峰比值(E/A值)及IMT相关,反相波面积(NA)与血流阻力指数(RI)呈正相关,PWV_WI与ET指标相关(P<0.05)。结论超声瞬时波强技术可反映心血管系统血流动力学及心脏与血管交互关系,评价早期动脉粥样硬化整体心血管功能较血管回声跟踪技术敏感。
Objective To study the early detection of the atherosclerosis of pilots and its influencing factors by using the instantaneous wave intensity of ultrasound. Methods The common carotid artery was detected by using instantaneous wave intensity technique. Among them, 37 cases in normal group, 44 cases in early atherosclerosis group and 52 cases in atherosclerosis group. The instantaneous wave intensity index and vascular echo tracing (ET) Conventional ultrasound indicators were compared between groups and correlation analysis. Results The carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), transient acceleration (W1), instantaneous wave intensity (WI) and pulse wave velocity (PWV_WI) in early atherosclerosis and atherosclerosis groups were significantly higher than those in normal group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in echo-tracking index between early atherosclerosis group and normal group (P> 0.05). W1 was positively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The instantaneous deceleration intensity (W2) was correlated with E peak value and A peak value (E / A value) and IMT, and the inverse phase wave area (NA) and flow resistance index (RI) were positively correlated with PWV_WI and ET index (P <0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound transient wave intensity technology can reflect the cardiovascular system hemodynamics and cardiac and vascular interactions, evaluation of early atherosclerosis overall cardiovascular function than vascular echo tracking technology is sensitive.