由发电、输电、变电、配电和用电等环节组成的电力生产与消费系统,是20世纪人类工程科学史上最重要的成就之一。1949年新中国成立之初,我国发电装机容量185万千瓦,位居世界第21位;全年发电量43.1亿千瓦时,位居世界第25位,整体处于落后水平。而如今,我国早已成为世界节能、发电和可再生能源利用第一大国。 One of the most important achievements in the history of human engineering science in the 20th century is the power production and consumption system composed of power generation, transmission, substation, distribution and electricity. At the beginning of the founding of New China in 1949, China’s installed capacity of power generation was 1.85 million kilowatts, ranking 21st in the world. Its annual generating capacity was 4.31 billion kilowatt-hours, ranking the 25th in the world, with an overall backwardness. Nowadays, our country has long become the largest energy-saving, power generation and renewable energy in the world.