一、《世说新语》的历史真实性 在中国文化史上,大多数把《世说新语》列入小说类,但《孙氏祠堂书目》把它列入史学传记类,这不能说没有事实根据。 《世说新语》记载了当时重视品题和清谈的历史故事。魏文帝实行九品中正制。即在中央选择官员任其本郡的“中正”,负责察访士人的品(行)状(才)和家世等三个方面(实际重家世),评列为上上、上中、上下、中上、中中、中下、下上、下中、下下等九个等级,作为吏部除授官职的依据。“声名成毁,决于片言”。(鲁迅《中国小说史略》)因此士大夫重视品题。魏晋士大夫置身于统治阶级内部斗争的旋涡中,他们为了避祸,寄托心神于老庄。终日空谈玄理。“清议而不谈政事,就成了所谓清谈了”。(鲁迅《中国小说的变迁》因此留下了魏晋士族文人关于品题和清谈的言行轶事,其资料来源是搜集的旧闻纂集和民间传说,这些材料为正史之外乘,即外传。可以说, I. Historical Authenticity of “Shi Shuo Xin Yu” In the history of Chinese culture, most write “Shi Shuo Xing Yu” as a novel, but “Sun’s ancestral temple bureaus” include it in the history biography class, which can not be said without Factual basis. “Shi Shuo Xin Yu” recorded at the time the title and talk of the historical story. Wei Wendian implemented nine products in the system. That is to say, in the Central Government, “Zhongzheng”, where officials choose to serve as their own county, is responsible for three aspects (actual graces of family background) Middle and upper middle and lower middle and lower, lower, lower and other nine levels, as the official department in addition to granted official basis. “Fame destroyed, depends on the phrase.” (Lu Xun “A Brief History of Chinese Fiction”) Therefore, scholars pay attention to the topic. In the vortex of the internal struggle of the ruling class, Dr. Wei Jinshi placed his mind in Laozhuang for his avoidance of disasters. Talk about mysterious day. “Clearly talking about politics, it became the so-called talk.” (Lu Xun’s “Changes in Chinese Fiction” therefore left a wealth of anecdotes about literary and literary scholars in the Wei and Jin Dynasties about the subject matter and the talk. The sources of the stories were collection of old stories and folk legends collected by the literary critics. It can be said,