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在球面检测中,对大口径球面的测量和评价缺乏有效的手段。本文提出利用三坐标测量机获得被测球面面型的坐标数据,用最小二乘法对这些数据进行拟合,得到被测球面的几何参数。在最小二乘法的拟合过程中,提出通过改变目标函数将拟合计算转化为求解广义特征向量以获得较好的拟合效果并简化计算过程,客观地反映大口径球面的实际参数。借鉴圆度、圆柱度误差的评定建立球度误差以反映被测球面的形状误差。
In spherical detection, the measurement and evaluation of large-diameter spherical lacks effective means. This paper proposes the use of coordinate measuring machine to obtain the measured spherical surface coordinate data, the least squares method to fit these data to get the measured spherical geometry parameters. In the fitting process of least square method, it is proposed to change the objective function to convert the fitting calculation into the generalized eigenvector so as to obtain a good fitting result and to simplify the calculation process, objectively reflecting the actual parameters of the large-diameter sphere. Draw on the assessment of the roundness and cylindricity errors to establish the sphericity error to reflect the shape error of the measured sphere.