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以水杨酸、间苯三酚为原料合成了1,3-二羟基咕吨酮,经醚化、环化反应得到1-羟基呋喃并(口占)吨酮3a和3b,再经Mannich反应合成了10个呋喃并(口占)吨酮衍生物4和5,接着通过季铵化反应得到相应的10个季铵盐6和7.运用IR、一维和二维NMR、MS、元素分析等对化合物进行了结构表征,考察了化合物4～7对乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制作用及化合物6,7的抗癌活性.结果表明:化合物4～7对乙酰胆碱酯酶具有较好的抑制活性,IC_(50)=2.0～12.4 μmol/L;化合物6,7对肝癌(HepG2)、肺癌(SPC-A)、口腔上皮癌(KB)、乳腺癌(MCF-7)这四种癌细胞株的增殖均有抑制作用,其中化合物6c对癌细胞株HepG2、化合物7d对癌细胞株MCF-7的抑制作用最强,IC_(50)分别为0.82和0.77 μmol/L.“,”The linearly and angularly isomeric furoxanthones 3a, 3b were synthesized by etherification and cyclization of 1,3-dihydroxylxanthone, which was synthesized from salicylic acid and phloroglucinol; then ten furoxanthone derivatives 4 and 5 were prepared via Mannich reaction of 3a, 3b, respectively, finally the ten corresponding quaternary ammonium salts 6 and 7 were obtained by quaternization of 4 and 5; the structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR, NMR, MS and elemental analysis. Acetyl-cholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities of compounds 4～7 and anti-cancer activities of compounds 6, 7 were also investigated. The results indicated that compounds 4～7 were capable of inhibiting AChE in vitro with moderate to good activities, IC_(50)=2.0～12.4 umol/L. MTT assay indicated that compounds 6, 7 possessed effectively inhibitory activity against the proliferation of four cancer cells, including HepG2 (liver cancer), SPC-A (lung cancer), KB (oral epithelial carcinoma) and MCF-7 (galactophore cancer), among which 6c against HepG2 and 7d against MCF-7 had the highest inhibitory activities, with the IC_(50) being 0.82 and 0.77 μmol/L, respectively.