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1898年前后湖南维新运动中出现的激烈政治冲突,其直接原因是由于省政要员的更换和一批文化新锐的到来而出现的政治权力的重新分配,更深层的原因则是科举改革的启动导致了文化权力以及与之相伴生的社会政治权力的急剧倾斜。在这个过程中利益受到威胁和侵犯的旧精英于是联合起来,对维新事业展开猛烈攻击。这个事例通常被用来说明湖南地域文化的特性,但从政治学的角度看,它呈现出更具普遍性的意义。
The heated political conflicts in Hunan’s reform movement around 1898 were directly caused by the redistribution of political power resulting from the replacement of provincial and political top officials and the arrival of a batch of cultural breakthroughs. The deeper reason was that the imperial examination reform started Cultural power and the accompanying sharp social and political power tilt. The old elites, whose interests were threatened and infringed in this process, then joined forces to launch a violent attack on the cause of renewal. This case is usually used to illustrate the characteristics of regional culture in Hunan, but from a political point of view, it presents a more universal significance.