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目的了解目前石家庄市小学生生活方式中存在的问题,比较城市和农村小学生生活习惯的差异,为进一步开展生活方式干预提供依据。方法 2010年5—6月在石家庄市23个县市区中各选取1所小学,每所小学随机抽取1个班级的学生作为调查对象,开展问卷调查,了解小学生生活方式方面存在的问题。结果石家庄市小学生吃早餐比例为85.31%,城市和农村比较,差异无统计学意义;城市小学生常喝饮料、常吃零食和油炸食品比例分别为10.2%,12.8%,3.1%,农村小学生常喝饮料、常吃零食和油炸食品比例分别为16.9%,21.0%,11.4%,经统计学分析,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);睡觉时间>8 h的城市和农村小学生比例分别为53.5%和47.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);课间到室外活动、1周锻炼次数和每次锻炼时间经统计学分析,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论石家庄市城市和农村小学生的生活习惯有较大差异,农村小学生饮食生活习惯不健康,而城市小学生运动习惯不健康。
Objective To understand the current problems in the way of life of pupils in Shijiazhuang and to compare the differences of living habits between urban and rural pupils so as to provide basis for further intervention in lifestyle. Methods From May to June 2010, one primary school was selected from 23 counties and districts of Shijiazhuang City. Each primary school randomly selected one class of students as survey subjects and carried out questionnaires to understand the problems of primary school students’ life style. Results The proportion of primary schoolchildren who eat breakfast in Shijiazhuang was 85.31%. There was no significant difference between urban and rural areas. The proportion of urban primary school students who drank beverages, snack foods and fried foods was 10.2%, 12.8% and 3.1% The proportions of drinking drinks, eating snacks and fried foods were 16.9%, 21.0% and 11.4% respectively. The statistical analysis showed that the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05); the proportions of urban and rural pupils who slept for more than 8 hours (53.5% and 47.4% respectively) (P <0.05). There was a significant difference in statistics between the time of the week and the time of the week and the number of the exercise for one week (P <0.05). Conclusion There is a big difference in the living habits of urban and rural primary school students in Shijiazhuang City. The eating habit of rural pupils is unhealthy while the exercise habits of urban pupils are unhealthy.