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1985～1986年用6个中国冬小麦品种(系)丰产3号、矮丰3号、771、772、361和荆21与3个美国矮秆基因测验种stephens(含Rht_1)、Nugains(含Rht_2)、WA4303(含Rht_1和Rht_2)杂交,得18个杂交组合,连同P_1、P_2′F_1、F_2)共36种基因型,种植在美国受达荷大学。结果表明,株高、茎长、穗长及5个节间等性状在F_1表现显性或超显性。在P_1、P_2、F_1的27个基因型中,第5节间与株高、茎长、茎长与株高、穗长与穗粒数、抽穗期与开花期间都存在着高度正相关。从芽鞘、苗高对GA_3处理的敏感性,可以把参试的中国冬小麦品种的矮秆基因型分为4类:(1)双高秆基因型(rht_1′rht_2),以丰产3号为代表;(2)对GA_3敏感的矮秆基因型,以荆21为代表;(3)对GA_3不敏感的矮秆基因型,以771和772为代表;(4)单矮秆基因型(rht_1),以矮丰3号和361为代表。
Six Chinese winter wheat cultivars, namely, stephens (including Rht_1), Nugains (including Rht_2), three Chinese winter wheat cultivars (including Fengtian 3, Aifeng 3, 771,772, 361 and Jing 21) , And WA4303 (Rht_1 and Rht_2). Eighteen hybrid combinations were obtained, including 36 genotypes P_1, P_2’F_1 and F_2, and were planted at the University of Idaho. The results showed that plant height, stem length, spike length and five internode traits were dominant or over dominant in F_1. Among 27 genotypes of P_1, P_2 and F_1, there was a positive correlation between the 5th internode and plant height, stem length, stem length and plant height, spike length and number of grains per spike, heading date and flowering period. The results showed that the dwarfing genotypes of Chinese winter wheat cultivars could be divided into four groups: (1) rht_1’rht_2, with high yield of No.3 (2) The dwarf genotypes sensitive to GA_3, represented by Jing 21; (3) The dwarf genotypes insensitive to GA_3, represented by 771 and 772; (4) The single dwarf genotype ), To Aifeng 3 and 361 as the representative.