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目的:了解常规潜艇淡水供应卫生状况。方法:对35艘潜艇淡水舱贮存水的感观性状、一般化学、毒理学、细菌学指标进行分析,对7艘远航潜艇进行随航调查。结果:水质感观性状和细菌学指标超标严重,浑浊度的合格率为77.1％,肉眼可见物的合格率为62.8％,细菌总数和大肠菌群两项合格的占45.7％,游离余氯有69％为“O”;供水量不足,造水机常出故障。结论:潜艇淡水供应在质、量及卫生防护等均存在问题,未达到卫生标准。本调查为制订常规潜艇淡水供应卫生标准提供了科学依据。
Purpose: To understand the hygienic status of freshwater supplies for conventional submarines. Methods: The sensory characteristics, general chemistry, toxicology and bacteriological indexes of 35 submarine freshwater tanks were analyzed, and seven voyage submarines were surveyed. Results: The water quality traits and bacteriological indexes exceeded the standard, the passing rate of turbidity was 77.1%, the pass rate of macroscopic material was 62.8%, the total number of bacteria and coliform bacteria were 45.7%, free residual chlorine 69% is “O”; lack of water supply, water generators often fail. Conclusion: Submarine fresh water supply has problems in terms of quality, quantity and hygiene protection, and has not reached the hygiene standards. This investigation provides the scientific basis for formulating the hygienic standard of conventional submarine freshwater supply.