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学术背景:尽管一些实验已提出细胞膜可能是电磁生物效应的靶细胞部位之一的证据,但揭示电磁辐射细胞膜的通透性以及认识电磁辐射细胞生物效应的报道仍较少。目的:探讨低功率毫米波辐射与人白血病HL60细胞膜通透性及细胞凋亡的关系。设计:辐射组4组与非辐射组对照实验。单位:实验于2006-11/2007-04在解放军广州军区广州总医院医学实验中心实验室完成。材料:人白血病HL60细胞株由解放军广州军区医学实验中心提供,HD-413.2HPSG100毫米波辐射装置由西安恒达微波技术开发公司研制。方法:应用频率为41.32GHz、平均功率密度为2mW/cm2的毫米波辐射HL60细胞,根据辐射时间分为辐射0,15,30,45,60min组。主要观察指标:镧示踪法观察各组细胞内外镧颗粒分布,评价细胞膜通透性变性的变化;透射电镜观察超微结构细胞形态特点;原位标记法行细胞凋亡阳性定量分析。结果:①毫米波辐射HL60细胞45min和60min可见少量镧颗粒进入细胞质内,超微结构观察显示线粒体肿胀,粗面内质网扩张,细胞凋亡易见。②TUNEL法染色显示辐射15,30,45,60min组凋亡率较0min组有增加的趋势,尤以45min和60min组细胞凋亡明显增加。结论:低功率毫米波辐射HL60细胞,导致细胞膜通透性增加是促进细胞凋亡及产生系列生物学效应的重要因素之一。
Academic Background: Although some experiments have suggested evidence that the cell membrane may be one of the target cell sites for electromagnetic bioeffects, there remains less evidence of the permeability of the cell membrane of electromagnetic radiation and the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation. Objective: To investigate the relationship between low power millimeter wave radiation and cell membrane permeability and apoptosis of human leukemia HL60 cells. Design: Radiation group 4 and non-radiation group control experiment. Unit: The experiment was performed in the laboratory of Guangzhou General Hospital Medical Experiment Center, Guangzhou Military Region, PLA from November 2006 to April 2007. Materials: Human leukemia cell line HL60 was provided by PLA Military Medical Center, HD-413.2HPSG100 mm radiation device developed by Xian Hengda Microwave Technology Development Company. Methods: The HL60 cells were irradiated by millimeter wave with the frequency of 41.32GHz and the average power density of 2mW / cm2. The cells were divided into 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min groups according to the irradiation time. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Lanthanum tracer method was used to observe the distribution of lanthanum particles inside and outside the cells, the changes of cell membrane permeability degeneration were evaluated; the morphological features of ultrastructural cells were observed under transmission electron microscope; Results: (1) A few lanthanum particles were observed in the cytoplasm of HL60 cells exposed to millimeter wave for 45 min and 60 min. Ultrastructural observation showed mitochondria swelling, rough endoplasmic reticulum dilatation and apoptosis. ②TUNEL staining showed that the apoptotic rate of 15, 30, 45, 60min group tended to increase compared with 0min group, especially in 45min and 60min group. Conclusion: Low power millimeter wave radiation HL60 cells, leading to increased cell membrane permeability is one of the important factors to promote apoptosis and produce a series of biological effects.