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目的：探讨骆驼蓬总碱（ｔｏｔａｌａｌｋａｌｏｉｄｏｆＨａｒｍａｌｉｎｅ，ＴＡＨ）对兔晶状体囊外摘除术（ｅｘｔｒａｃａｐｓｕｌａｒｌｅｎｓｅｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ，ＥＣＬＥ）后后发性白内障形成的影响。方法：在兔ＥＣＬＥ术中将ＴＡＨ注入囊袋，应用裂隙灯活体检查和组织病理学检查方法观察术后后发性白内障形成情况和药物作用效果。应用角膜内皮细胞检查和视网膜电图检查观察药物对眼组织的毒性。结果：注入ＴＡＨ的眼术后炎性反应与对照眼无明显差别；术后２周后囊膜较透明，而对照眼轻度混浊，术后４周至８周ＴＡＨ眼后囊膜虽有轻度混浊，但明显比对照眼轻。术后眼压、角膜内皮计数、角膜厚度和视网膜电图与对照眼无明显差别。组织病理学检查表明，对照眼术后４周发生了晶状体上皮细胞增生，术后８周形成Ｓｏｅｍｍｅｒｉｎｇ环。ＴＡＨ注射眼有轻微的晶状体上皮细胞空泡变性和核固缩。透射电镜检查示胞浆空泡、线粒体肿胀、嵴断裂。结论：骆驼蓬总碱能有效抑制晶状体上皮细胞组织化生和增殖，减轻后发性白内障的形成；对眼组织毒性小，有可能成为防治后发性白内障的药物。
Objective: To investigate the effect of total alkaloid of Harmaline (TAH) on the development of post-capsular cataract after extracapsularlens extraction (ECLE) in rabbits. METHODS: TAH was injected into the capsular bag in rabbits with ECLE. Slit lamp biopsy and histopathological examinations were used to observe the postoperative cataract formation and drug effect. Corneal endothelial cell examination and electroretinography were used to observe the toxicity of the drug to the ocular tissues. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in inflammatory response after intraocular injection of TAH compared with control eyes; the capsule membrane was more transparent after 2 weeks, while the control eyes were slightly cloudy. Although the TAH posterior capsule was mild from 4 weeks to 8 weeks after operation Turbidity, but significantly lighter than control eyes. Postoperative intraocular pressure, corneal endothelial cell count, corneal thickness, and electroretinogram were not significantly different from control eyes. Histopathological examination showed that lens epithelial cell proliferation occurred in the control eye 4 weeks after surgery, and a Soemmering ring was formed 8 weeks after the operation. TAH injection had slight vacuolar degeneration and nuclear condensation of lens epithelial cells. Transmission electron microscopy revealed cytoplasmic vacuoles, mitochondrial swelling, and hernia rupture. Conclusion: The total alkaloids of Peganum harmonii can effectively inhibit the histochemical metaplasia and proliferation of lens epithelial cells and reduce the formation of after-cataract. The toxicity to the eye tissue is small and may become a drug for prevention and treatment of posterior cataract.