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目的:探讨用不同次序呼气和吸气对不同年龄受检者肺活量检测结果的影响。方法:采用先吸气后呼气和先呼气后吸气两种不同次序的检测肺活量(VC)方法,对通气功能正常的两个不同年龄组———A组(50岁以下)和B组(50岁以上)各30名进行观察。结果:A组采用这两种不同检测次序测得的肺活量(VC)、深吸气量(IC)、补呼气量(ERV)均无显著性差异(P>0.05),B组采用这两种不同检测次序测得的VC有显著性差异(P<0.05),测得的IC、ERV均有显著性差异(P<0.01)。B组采用先吸气后呼气次序较先呼气后吸气次序测得的肺活量低(P<0.05),而相应产生的IC则先吸气后呼气次序较先呼气后吸气次序高(P<0.01),ERV则先呼气后吸气次序较先吸气后呼气次序高(P<0.01)。结论:检测年龄50岁以下受检者的肺活量时,无论采用哪种次序,其肺活量值、深吸气量值、补呼气量值均一致。而年龄超过50岁以上者吸气肺活量较呼气肺活量高,其相应产生的补呼气量亦较高。与其年龄偏大引起的气体滞留、呼吸肌松弛、腹壁肌肉松弛、腹部脂肪积聚以及小气道功能减弱等因素有关。所以对其采用先呼气后吸气次序测定肺活量,可以得出较高的肺活量值和补呼气量值,对受检者的肺功能评价和肺气肿诊断有积极的临床意义。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of exhalation and inspiration on the spirometry results of subjects of different ages in different orders. Methods: Two methods of detecting vital capacity (VC) were used to detect expiratory volume after first inspiration and exhale after expiratory first. Two groups of different age groups with normal ventilatory function-A group (under 50 years old) and B Groups (over 50 years old) each 30 were observed. Results: There was no significant difference in vital capacity (VC), deep inspiratory volume (IC) and forced expiratory volume (ERV) between group A and group B (P> 0.05) There were significant differences (P <0.05) in the VC measured by different test sequences, and the IC and ERV measured were significantly different (P <0.01). In group B, the expiratory sequence was lower (P <0.05) than the first inspiratory sequence (P <0.05), while the corresponding ICs produced the first exhaled inspiratory sequence followed by the inspiratory inspiratory sequence (P <0.01). In ERV, the inspiratory sequence after exhalation was higher than that after inspiration (P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: When measuring the vital capacity of subjects under 50 years of age, the vital capacity, deep inspiratory capacity, and expiratory expiratory volume were consistent regardless of the order in which they were used. However, those over 50 years of age have higher expiratory lung capacity than expiratory lung capacity, and correspondingly higher expiratory volume. With its age caused by gas retention, respiratory muscle relaxation, abdominal muscle relaxation, abdominal fat accumulation and small airway function and other factors. Therefore, the determination of lung capacity by first exhale sequence can lead to higher values of vital capacity and expiratory volume, which have positive clinical significance for the evaluation of pulmonary function and diagnosis of emphysema.