江西省宜黄县是经济欠发达的革命老区。1994年被国务院政策研究室、卫生部和世界卫生组织列为“中国农村合作医疗保健制度改革研究”试点县，1995年首先在3个乡镇9个村进行试点，1996年在全县16个乡镇扩大试点，1997年全县60％的行政村实行合作医疗。民意调查表明，该县的合作 Yihuang County in Jiangxi Province is an old revolutionary area where the economy is underdeveloped. In 1994, it was listed by the Policy Research Office of the State Council, the Ministry of Health, and the World Health Organization as a pilot county for the “Research on the Reform of China’s Rural Cooperative Medical Care System”. In 1995, it was first piloted in 9 villages in 3 townships, and in 1996 it was in 16 townships in the county. To expand the pilot, in 1997, 60% of the county’s administrative villages implemented cooperative medical care. Public opinion survey shows that the county’s cooperation