如何理解“科学技术是第一生产力”与“人的因素第一”两者的关系,学术界展开了热烈的讨论,主要有下述八种观点。 第一种观点认为,在古代社会生产力中人的因素第一,但在近代以牛顿力学的诞生和蒸汽机的发明为标志,人类社会的生产力进入“科技第一”的时代。此种观点的理由,在古代社会,科学技术处于经验形态,是不系统的,零碎的、分散的;很多科学理论知 How to understand the relationship between “science and technology are primary productive forces” and “human factors first”, the academic community has heated discussions, mainly in the following eight views. The first view holds that human factors were the most important in ancient social productive forces. However, in modern times, with the birth of Newtonian mechanics and the invention of steam engines, the productive forces of human society have entered the era of “science and technology first”. The reason for this view is that in ancient society, science and technology were in the state of experience and were not systematic, fragmentary and scattered. Many scientific theories