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截断不确定度是快速傅里叶算法不确定度评估中的一个重要来源。将截断不确定度分解为频谱泄露不确定度、加窗和栅栏效应不确定度进行分析。将采样周期个数分解为整数部分和小数部分,确定小数部分引起的频谱泄露误差区间,以此为基础给出频谱泄露不确定度的评估方法;将加窗和栅栏效应引入的不确定度作为一个整体分析,避开分量之间的相关性,以三角窗为例给出了一个通用的评估方法。之后,利用GUM中的B类方法对其进行评定,评定时假设舍入测量不确定度为反正弦分布,并通过对频谱泄露不确定度、加窗和栅栏效应不确定度进行合成,得到最终的截断不确定度,在此基础上建立了FFT截断不确定度的通用评估方法。
Truncation uncertainty is an important source in the evaluation of the uncertainty of Fast Fourier Transform. The truncation uncertainty is decomposed into spectral leakage uncertainty, windowing and fence uncertainty. The number of sampling periods is decomposed into integer parts and fractional parts, and the spectral leakage error interval caused by the fractional part is determined. Based on this, an estimation method of the spectral leakage uncertainty is given. The uncertainty introduced by the windowing and fence effects is taken as A holistic analysis that avoids the correlation between the components gives a general evaluation method using triangular windows as an example. Afterwards, it is evaluated by the method of GUM in category B. The evaluation is based on the assumption that the measurement uncertainty of the rounding is an arcsine distribution, and the final result is obtained by combining the uncertainty of spectral leakage, windowing and the uncertainty of fence effect Based on which the general evaluation method of FFT truncation uncertainty is established.